Unit lock deadlocking blocker lifter



F. J. RUSSELL ET AL 3,316,001

UNIT LOCK DEADLOCKING BLOCKER LIFTER April 25, 1967 5 Sheets-Sheet lFiled May 1964 em, as I R0652 7; N04 IN INVENTORS L a s S u R J o w r MW3. 3M

ATTORNEY April 25, 1967 J, RUSSELL ET AL 3,316,001

UNIT LOCK DEADLOCKING BLOCKER LIFTER Filed May 5, 1964 3 Sheets-Sheet 2$1 5 IO 55 27! A 4o 48 52 47 G7 G8 F250 J. RU S R065 J; NOL/N INVENTORSl/w zw/ ID. 3%

April 25, 19 67 F, J RU ET AL 3,316,001

UNIT LOCK DEADLOCKING BLOCKER LIFTER 3 Sheets-$heet 5 Filed May 5, 19640 2 W k 6/ 6 (K WW WNW L w H 0 2| an as 43 4| L L E s U R J m F 120652J, NOL/N INVENTORS ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,316,001 UNIT LOCKDEADLOCKING BLOCKER LIFTER Fred J. Russell, 8635 Otis St., South Gate,Calif. 90280, and Roger J. Nolin, Monterey Park, Calif.; said Nolinassignor to said Russell 1 Filed May 5, 1964, Ser. No. 364,988 Claims.(Cl. 292-153) The invention here under consideration is embodied in adoor lock with special reference to door locks frequently identified asunit locks, the invention being more particularly concerned with a guardbolt for the main latch bolt, including means for releasing the guardbolt action by manipulation of conventional retracting means for thelatch bolt.

For extra seourity in locks of this nature, a guard bolt is provided inaddition to the conventional latch bolt, the action of which is to makethe lock more tamper proof. Guard bolts take various forms, some lyingimmediately adjacent the latch bolt, and others spaced from the latchbolt to allow more room for the working mechanism. The purpose of suchguard bolts, however, is essentially the same, namely, to act in suchfashion that, when depressed, a physical block is interposed in thelatch bolt action so that the latch bolt cannot be pried into a dooropening position by unauthorized means. The customary fashion formanipulating a guard bolt of this kind is to have it so mounted on theframe that, when the door is closed, the guard bolt is depressed by thestrike plate, the guard bolt remaining in depressed position as long asthe door remains closed, and thereafter springing to extended positionwhen the door is open.

When, however, a guard bolt acts in this fashion, some appropriate meansmust be provided for disengaging guard bolt action while the doorremains closed so that the latch bolt can be withdrawn by manipulationof the knob and the door opened.

It is, therefore, among the objects of the invention to provide a newand improved device for disengaging action of a guard bolt when the dooris closed so that the latch bolt can be withdrawn and the door opened.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improveddisengaging device which quickly and easily shifts the guard boltmechanism from blocking to unblocking position by manipulation of asubstantially conventional latch bolt retractor.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a new and improveddisengaging device for shifting a guard bolt mechanism from blockingposition which is smooth and positive in its action, which is mugged inits characteristics and structural design, and which is also simple inits design and operation, so that it can be made use of in a typicalunit type lock without in any Way impairing the high degree of securitycustomarily associated with locks of this nature.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction, arrangement, and combination of the various parts of thedevice whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter setforth, pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a side perspective view showing a unit lock, in which theinvention is embodied, mounted in a door.

3,316,001 Patented Apr. 25, 1967 ice FIGURE 2 is a longitudinalsectional view of the operating parts of the device showing both latchbolt and guard bolt in extended positions.

FIGURE 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same mechanism ofFIGURE 2 but showing the position of parts when the door is in closedposition, the latch bolt received in a strike plate recess, and theguard bolt depressed, the View being along the line 3-3 of FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 4 is a plan view taken on the line 4-4 of FIGURE 2 but with theend portion of the frame removed to reveal the working parts.

FIGURE 5 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 55 of FIGURE 3with the end portion of the frame cut away to reveal the Working parts.

FIGURE 6 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 66 of FIGURE3.

FIGURE 7 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view similar to FIGURE 3but showing the position of parts after the guard bolt action has beenrendered ineffective.

FIGURE 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of the guardbolt mechanism and. the device employed for rendering the guard boltmechanism ineffective.

In an embodiment of the device which has been chosen for the purpose ofillustration, the mechanism is pictured and described in connection witha unit type lock, though it should be recognized that the mechanismbroadly need not necessarily be confined to locks of this particulardescription and construction.

A unit type lock indicated generally by the reference character 10 isshown installed in a door 11, the lock 10 being provided with a knob 12,a rose 13 overlying a side face :14 of the door 11 and part of a frame15 shown within a cutout 16 in an edge 17 of the door 11.

In the chosen embodiment, the frame 15 may be construed as consisting ofa front wall 18, side Walls 19 and 20, end walls like the end wall 21visible in FIGURES 2, 3, and 7, and a rear wall 22. In the front wall 18is a relatively large opening 23 in which is located a latch bolt 24 anda relatively small opening 25 in which is located a guard bolt 26.

For purposes of illustration, the latch bolt 24 is shown as a tiltablymounted latch bolt secured to the frame by employment of a pivot pin 27.The pivot pin 27 may be made long enough so that it serves also as ameans of tiltably mounting the guard bolt 26 on the frame 15. Extendinginwardly from the latch bolt 24 is a tailpiece 28 which is pivotallysecured to the latch bolt 24 by means of a pin 29. The tailpiece 28extends through a hole 30 in the rear wall 22. A retractor 31 ofsubstantially con ventional construction has a hole 32 in alignment withthe hole 30 through which the tailpiece 28 passes. A cross bar 33 at theinnermost end of the tailpiece 28 overlies a portion of the retractor31, so that when the retractor, as viewed in FIGURES 2, 3 and 4, ismoved inwardly from left to right, movement of the retractor 31 will betransferred to the tailpiece 28 through the cross bar 33, and the latchbolt 24 can by this action be withdrawn from the extended position ofFIGURES 2, 3, and 4 to a retracted position, not specificallyillustrated. A spring 34 is provided to act between the rear wall 22 anda plate section 35 which is moved against the inner side of the latchbolt 24, serving thereby as a return spring for the latch bolt 24.

As previously indicated, it is the function of the guard bolt 26 toblock retraction of the latch bolt 24. Mechanism for accomplishing thisis embodied in part in a blocker indicated generally by the referencecharacter 40 which may be described as a bracket having bracket arms 41,41' at its inner end and a pivot pin 42 pivotally mounting the blocker40 upon the side walls 19 and 20 of the frame 15. In this way, theblocker 40 has a pivotal connection to the frame 15. A platform 43 asshown in FIGURES and 8, forming part of the blocker 40, extendstransversely with respect to the movement generally of the guard bolt26. The platform 43 is also tilted slightly, as shown in FIGURE 2. Anextension 44 of the blocker 40 carries at its free end a projection 45.It is the projection 45 which does the blocking for which the blocker 40is designed. The latch bolt 24 may be described as having what may bedesignated a shelf 46 on its inner side, whichserves as a specific areaagainst which the projection 45 may register.

In order to manipulate the blocker 40, the trip arm 47 is made use of.At its outer end, the trip arm 47 is pivotally attached to the guardbolt 26 by employment of a pivot pin 48, and the pivot pin 48 may at thesame time-be made use of as a stop to limit outward movement of theguard bolt 26 about the pivot pin 27 on which it is mounted. In theplatform 43 is an aperture 49, and the trip arm 47 projects through theaperture 49, and it is bent on its :free end to form a finger 50. It isimportant to note that the trip arm 47 has a smooth, sliding fit in theaperture 49 and that the finger 50 has a point of contact 51 with theinner or under side of the platform 43 which, for purposes ofexplanation, should be noted as having a predetermined distance offsetwith respect to the center of rotation of the pivot pin 42.

A spring 52, serving as a compression spring, surrounds the trip arm 47and presses at its outer end against a surface 53 on the insidev of theguard bolt 26. At its other end, the spring 52 is pressed intoengagement with the platform 43. In this connection, it should be notedthat the point of engagement of the spring 52 with the platform 43occurs at a distance from the pivot pin 42 less than the distancebetween the point of contact 51 of the, finger 50 and the pivot pin 42.In this respect, it may be said that the bracket 41 and the platform 43thereon serves as a third class lever with an application of force at apoint of contact 51 (see FIGURE 2) at a distance from the fulcrum, whichis the center of rotation of the pivot pin 42, greater than the distancefrom the fulcrum to the location of the resistance supplied by thespring 52.

The mechanism described up tothis point is the guard bolt mechanismwhich serves to block retraction of the latch bolt 24 when the door 11is closed as shown in FIGURES 3, 5, 6, and 7. Blocking is accomplishedby moving the guard bolt 26 to a retracted position. This happens whenthe door 11 closes, and the guard bolt 26 engages a flat portion of astrike plate 55 which is mounted on a door jamb 56. The strike plate 55,incidentally, may be provided with a recess 57 located in a hole 58 madeat an appropriate location on the door jamb 56. As the guard bolt 26 isdepressed, or, in other words, pivotally swung about the pivot pin 27,the trip arm 47 moves inwardly or in a direction from left to right, asviewed in FIGURES 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. When this occurs, the finger 50and its point of contact 51 is pushed entirely clear of the platform 43as advantageously shown in FIGURES 3 and 7. As a consequence, the onlyforce then applied against the blocker 40 is the force exerted by thespring 52 pressing upon the platform 43 at a location ofiset withrespect to the pivot pin 42, and this force tends to rotate the blocker40 in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in FIGURES 2 and 3,moving the projection 45 from the position of FIGURE 2 to the positionof FIGURE 3. In the position of FIGURE 3, the projection 45 is oppositethe shelf 46 of the latch bolt 24, and consequently the latch bolt 24cannot be retracted,

and the door 11 cannot be opened. Therefore, some means must be providedfor moving the blocker 40 and the projection 45 from blocked position,as just described, to a removed or unblocked position. Unblocking isaccomplished when the retractor 31 is manipulated in a conventionalfashion by rotation of the knob 12. The mechanism for translatingrotating movement of the knob 12 to the retractor 31 is not shown nordescribed because this is a common expedient well known to those skilledin the art.

To make use of the motion of the retractor 31, there is employed a slide60, having opposite edges 61 and 62 respectively (see FIGURE 8),slidably mounted in slideways 61' and 62' on the inner faces ofrespective side walls 19 and 20 of the frame 15. On the slide 60 is atailpiece 63 which extends through a hole 64 in the rear wall 22 (seeFIGURE 3) and through an aligned hole 65 in the retractor 31. A crossbar 66 at the innermost end of the tailpiece 63 overlies an appropriateportion of the retractor 31 so that, when the retractor moves from leftto right as viewed in FIGURES 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, the slide 60 will bepulled in the same direction. A shoulder 60' (see FIGURE 7) on the slide60 engages the plate section 35. Thus, the action of the spring 34results in always urging the slide 60 toward the left, as viewed inFIGURE 7. And this spring action is overcome when the slide 60 is movedtoward the right by the retractor 31.

On the slide 60 is a lifter 67 which engages a bridge 68, forming partof the blocker 40. This action is best viewed in FIGURE 3 of thedrawings. As the lifter 67 moves against the bridge 68, the blocker 40is caused to tilt in a clockwise direction, as viewed in FIGURE 3, adistance far enough to move the projection 45 out of its blockingposition relative to the shelf 46. The last described position is shownto good advantage in FIGURE 7, as well as in FIGURE 2.

It is significant to note that engagement of the retractor 31 with thecross bar 66 of the tailpiece 63 of the slide 60 takes place beforeengagement of the retractor 31 with the cross bar 33 of the tailpiece 28which operates the latch bolt 24. Although there is only a shortinterval between these'two engagements, it is sufficient to cause theprojection 45 to be moved from its locking position behind the latchbolt 24 before the latch bolt 24 moves to a point of touching theprojection 45. Therefore, there will be no binding which would otherwiseinterfere with positive unblocking of the latch bolt 24 at the propertime. Because of the structure described, unblocking is a positiveaction, which must take place as the parts move, therefore, cannot fail.Thereafter, the latch bolt 24 is pulled to withdrawn position bycontinued movement of the retractor 31, and the door 11 is swung open.

Thereafter, when the retractor 31 is released, the latch bolt 24 ismoved back to extended position by action of the spring 34, and at thesame time the guard bolt 26 is moved back to its extended position byaction of the spring 52. When this happens, the finger 50 will be \movedoutwardly again from the position of FIGURES 3 and 7 to the position ofFIGURE 2. This movement will cause the point of contact 51 of the finger50 with the under side of the platform 43 to take place at a distancefarther from the center of rotation of the pivot pin 42 than the pointof engagement of the spring 52 with the platform 43, and, accordingly,the force will be greater in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed inFIGURE 2, which results in the blocker 40 being held in the position ofFIGURE 2 where the projection 45 remains removed from blocking positionbeneath the latch bolt 24.

While the invention has herein been shown and described in what isconceived to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it isrecognized that departures may be made therefrom within the scope of theinvention, which is not to be limited to thedetails disclosed herein butis to be accorded the full scope of the claims so as to embrace any andall equivalent devices.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new in support ofLetters Patent is:

1. In a lock, a frame having separate spaced openings therein, a latchbolt in one of said openings having a movable mounting on said frame formovement to extended and retracted positions, and a reciprocatingretractor mounted in the lock in operable engagement with said latchbolt, a guard bolt in another of said openings having a location in saidframe separate and spaced from said latch bolt, said guard bolt having amovable mounting on the frame for movement to extended and retractedpositions, and a blocker for said latch bolt in substantial alignmentwith said guard bolt having at one end a pivotal connection to theframe, a projection on said blocker having a blocking position inrelation to said latch bolt spanning the space between the latch boltand the guard bolt and a released position in relation to said latchbolt, means in operable engagement respectively with said guard bolt andsaid blocker for moving said projection between blocking and releasedpositions, and means for shifting said blocker from blocking to releasedpositions by action of said retractor comprising an inwardly openchannel means in said frame forming a slideway, a slide in slidingengagement with said slideway, said slide being located between ends ofsaid slideway and being slidable between said ends, an extension on saidslide having an operable engagement with said retractor, a transverseelement on the blocker and a lifter on said slide 'having a cammingengagement with said transverse element adapted to tilt said blocker inresponse to inward sliding movement of said slide whereby to shift saidblocker to released position.

2. In a lock, a frame having laterally spaced openings therein, a latchbolt having a movable mounting on said frame in one of said openings formovement toextended and retracted positions, and a reciprocatingretractor in the lock in operable engagement with said latch bolt, aguard bolt having a movable mounting on the frame in another of saidopenings for movement to extended and retracted positions, and a blockerfor said latch bolt having at one end a pivotal connection to the frame,a projection on said blocker having a blocking position in relation tosaid latch bolt and a released position in relation to said latch bolt,means in operable engagement respectively with said guard bolt and saidblocker for moving said projection between blocking and releasedpositions, and means for shifting said blocker from blocking to releasedpositions by action of said retractor comprising an inwardly open pairof parallel spaced channels in said frame forming a slideway at alocation between the latch bolt and the blocker and extending in adirection substantially parallel to the direction of movement of saidretractor, a slide in sliding engagement with said slideway, anextension on said slide extending parallel to said channels having anoperable engagement with said retractor, a transverse element on saidblocker and a lifter on said slide having a camming engagement with saidtransverse element adapted to tilt said blocker inra direction away fromsaid latch bolt in response to inward movement of said slide in advanceof movement of said latch bolt whereby to shift said blocker to releasedposition in advance of withdrawal of said latch bolt by action of saidretractor.

3. In a lock, a frame having a pair of separate laterally spacedopenings therein, a latch bolt having a movable mounting on said framein one of said openings for movement to extended and retractedpositions, and a reciproeating retractor mounted in the lock in operableengagement with said latch bolt, a guard bolt having a movable mountingon the frame in the other of said openings for movement to extended andretracted positions, and a blocker for said latch bolt having at one enda pivotal connection to the frame, a projection on said blocker having ablocking position for said latch bolt and a released position removedfrom said latch bolt, means in operable engagement respectively withsaid guard bolt and said blocker for moving said projection betweenblocking and released positions, and means for shifting said blockerfrom blocking t-o released positions by action of said retractorcomprising a pair of spaced inwardly open channels in said frame forminga slideway, a slide in sliding engagement with said slideway, said slidecomprising a plate with opposite parallel side edges in said respectivechannels, an extension on said slide having an operable engagement withsaid retractor, means on said blocker forming a bridge over said slideand a lifter on said slide having a camming engagement with said bridgein response to inward movement of said slide whereby to shift saidblocker to released position, said means in operable engagementrespectively with said guard bolt and said blocker comprising a trip armattached to said guard bolt and a finger on said trip arm having aposition of engagement with said blocker in a direction productive ofmovement of said blocker to said released position when said guard boltis in said extended position.

4. In a lock, 9, frame having openings therein, a latch bolt having amovable mounting on said frame for move ment to extended and retractedpositions, and a reciprocating retractor mounted in the lock in operableengagement with said latch bolt, a guard bolt having a location separateand spaced from said latch bolt, said guard bolt having a movablemounting on the frame for movement to extended and retracted positions,and a blocker for said latch bolt having at one end a pivotal connectionto the frame, a projection on said blocker having a blocking positionfor said latch bolt and a released position removed from said latchbolt, means in operable engagement respectively with said guard bolt andsaid blocker for moving said projection between blocking and releasedpositions, and means for shifting said blocker from blocking to releasedpositions by action of said retractor comprising a stationary slidewayin said frame extending from a location adjacent said retractor to alocation adjacent the openings in said frame, a slide slideably mountedin said slideway, said slide having a length extending for a substantialportion of the length of said slideway, an extension on said slidehaving an operable engagement with said retractor, a transverse elementon the blocker and a lifter on said slide having a camming engagementwith said transverse element adapted to lift said blocker in response toinward movement of said slide whereby to shift said blocker to releasedposition, said means in operable engagement with said guard bolt andsaid blocker including a spring engageable respectively with said guardbolt and with said blocker'in a direction productive of movement of saidblocker to blocking position when said guard bolt is in said retractedposition.

5. In a lock, a frame having openings therein, a latch bolt having amovable mounting on said frame for movement to extended and retractedpositions, and a reciprocating retractor mounted in the lock in operableengagement with said latch bolt, a guard bolt having a movable mountingon the frame for movement to extended and retracted positions, and ablocker for said latch bolt having at one end a pivotal connection tothe frame, a projection on said blocker having a blocking position forsaid latch bolt and a released position removed from said latch bolt,means in operable engagement respectively with said guard bolt and saidblocker for moving said projection between blocking and releasedpositions, and means for shifting said blocker from blocking to releasedpositions by action of said retractor comprising a slideway in saidframe, a slide slidably mounted in said slideway, an extension on saidslide having an operable engagement with said retractor, a transverseelement on said blocker at a location removed from said pivotalconnection and a lifter on said slide having a camming engagement withtransverse element whereby to tilt said blocker in response to inwardmovement of said slide whereby to shift said blocker to releasedposition, return spring means biased between said frame and respectivelysaid latch bolt and said slide whereby to effect outward movement ofsaid slide, a trip arm attached to said guard bolt, a finger on saidtrip arm having a position of engagement with said blocker in adirection productive of movement of said blocker to said releasedposition when said guard bolt is in said extended position, said meansfor moving said projection between blocking and released positionincluding a spring engageable respectively with said guard bolt and withsaid blocker in a direction productive of movement of said blockertoblocking position when said guard bolt is in said retracted position.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 834,994 11/1906Phelps 70--l51 E5 Voight 70-151 Schlage 292337 Welch 70- -15 1 Russell70-4151 X Golden et a1 292-169 Schweitzer 292-222 X BOBBY R. GAY,Primary Examiner.

RICHARD E. MOORE, Examiner.

J. R. MOSES, Assistant Examiner.

1. IN A LOCK, A FRAME HAVING SEPARATE SPACED OPENINGS THEREIN, A LATCHBOLT IN ONE OF SAID OPENINGS HAVING A MOVABLE MOUNTING ON SAID FRAME FORMOVEMENT TO EXTENDED AND RETRACTED POSITIONS, AND A RECIPROCATINGRETRACTOR MOUNTED IN THE LOCK IN OPERABLE ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID LATCHBOLT, A GUARD BOLT IN ANOTHER OF SAID OPENINGS HAVING A LOCATION IN SAIDFRAME SEPARATE AND SPACED FROM SAID LATCH BOLT, SAID GUARD BOLT HAVING AMOVABLE MOUNTING ON THE FRAME FOR MOVEMENT TO EXTENDED AND RETRACTEDPOSITIONS, AND A BLOCKER FOR SAID LATCH BOLT IN SUBSTANTIAL ALIGNMENTWITH SAID GUARD BOLT HAVING AT ONE END A PIVOTAL CONNECTION TO THEFRAME, A PROJECTION ON SAID BLOCKER HAVING A BLOCKING POSITION INRELATION TO SAID LATCH BOLT SPANNING THE SPACE BETWEEN THE LATCH BOLTAND THE GUARD BOLT AND A RELEASED POSITION IN RELATION TO SAID LATCHBOLT, MEANS IN OPERABLE ENGAGEMENT RESPECTIVELY WITH SAID GUARD BOLT ANDSAID BLOCKER FOR MOVING SAID PROJECTION BETWEEN BLOCKING AND RELEASEDPOSITIONS, AND MEANS FOR SHIFTING SAID BLOCKER FROM BLOCKING TO RELEASEDPOSITIONS BY ACTION OF SAID RETRACTOR COMPRISING AN INWARDLY OPENCHANNEL MEANS IN SAID FRAME FORMING A SLIDEWAY, A SLIDE IN SLIDINGENGAGEMENT WITH SAID SLIDEWAY, SAID SLIDE BEING LOCATED BETWEEN ENDS OFSAID SLIDEWAY AND BEING SLIDABLE BETWEEN SAID ENDS, AN EXTENSION ON SAIDSLIDE HAVING AN OPERABLE ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID RETRACTOR, A TRANSVERSEELEMENT ON THE BLOCKER AND A LIFTER ON SAID SLIDE HAVING A CAMMINGENGAGEMENT WITH SAID TRANSVERSE ELEMENT ADAPTED TO TILT SAID BLOCKER INRESPONSE TO INWARD SLIDING MOVEMENT OF SAID SLIDE WHEREBY TO SHIFT SAIDBLOCKER TO RELEASED POSITION.